Officials at the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment were concerned. Uradniki na Colorado Oddelka za javno zdravje in okolje so bili zadeva. During the first week of August 1997, the agency had received an unusually large number of reports of people who had become ill after eating ground beef. V prvem tednu avgusta 1997, je Agencija prejela nenavadno veliko število poročil o ljudeh, ki so zboleli po zaužitju mlete govedine. Department researchers had been able to confirm that five of them had eaten ground beef produced by a company called Hudson Foods, a subsidiary of Tyson Foods Inc. The Colorado health... Oddelek za raziskovalce je bila sposobna potrditi, da je pet od njih poje mlete govedine, ki ga je podjetje z imenom Hudson Foods, podružnica Tyson Foods Inc zdravstvenega Colorado ... Food-borne illnesses have afflicted humans for centuries, if not for millennia. Hrana, ki se prenašajo bolezni, so zbolijo ljudje že stoletja, če ne že tisočletja. Historical records suggest, for example, that Antonius Musa, physician to the first Roman emperor, Augustus (63 bce-14C.E.), treated his patient for typhoid fever by immersing him in cold water. Zgodovinski zapisi kažejo, na primer, da je Antonius Musa, zdravnik na prvi rimski cesar August (63 BCE-14C.E.), Obdelani svojega bolnika za trebušnim tifusom, ki jih ga potopimo v hladno vodo. Credit for the first clinical description of the disease usually goes to the English physician Thomas Willis (1621-75), who in 1659 reported on its... Zasluge za prvi klinični opis te bolezni ponavadi gre za angleško zdravnik Thomas Willis (1621-1675), ki je leta 1659 poročala o svojih ... If I have seen further it is by standing on the shoulders of Giants. Če sem videl tudi, da je stal na ramenih velikanov. That quotation, credited to Sir Isaac Newton, reflects the understanding of many great geniuses: that most great accomplishments in science (and in other fields) depend to a large extent on the work of those who have gone before. To je citat, dobro Sir Isaac Newton, kaže na razumevanje mnogih velikih genijev: da je večina velikih dosežkov v znanosti (in na drugih področjih), odvisno v veliki meri na delo tistih, ki so šli prej. Sometimes, the early pioneers are themselves famous. Včasih, v zgodnjih pionirji so sami znani. At other times, their names are virtually unknown to the general public and,... V drugih obdobjih, njihova imena praktično neznan širši javnosti, in ... In 1999, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) sponsored an extensive study of the number and types of food-borne illnesses and death occurring annually in the United States (Paul S. Mead, et al., "Food-Related Illness and Death in the United States," Emerging Infectious Diseases, September-October 1999, 607-617; since 1999 the CDC has conducted more limited studies of food-borne illnesses in a... Leta 1999 je Center za nadzor in preprečevanje bolezni (CDC) sponzorira obsežno študijo o številu in vrsti se prenašajo s hrano bolezni in smrti, ki se pojavljajo vsako leto v Združenih državah Amerike (Paul S. Mead, et al., "Prehrana bolezni, povezanih in smrt v Združenih državah Amerike, "novih nalezljivih bolezni, september-oktober 1999, 607-617; od leta 1999 je CDC izvedla bolj omejene študije prenašajo s hrano, bolezni v ... Knowledge of how agents that cause food-borne illnesses get into food makes it possible to outline procedures to prevent such illnesses. Znanje o tem, kako snovi, ki povzročijo alimentarnih bolezni pridejo v hrano je mogoče predstaviti postopke za preprečevanje takšnih bolezni. Pathogens, for example, survive and grow in foods only under certain favorable environmental conditions, such as a warm temperature, the presence of moisture, and neutral acidity (pH of about 7.0). Patogenov, na primer, preživeli in rasti v živilih le pod določenimi ugodnih okoljskih razmer, kot so toplo temperature, prisotnost vlage in nevtralnim pH kislost (približno 7,0). People can decrease the likelihood that pathogens will remain in foods, then, by treating... Ljudje se lahko zmanjša verjetnost, da bo patogenov v živilih, nato pa na zdravljenje ... Protecting citizens from food-borne illnesses like those described above is a priority for governmental agencies at all levels, from federal to local governments. Varovanje državljanov pred bolezni se prenašajo s hrano, kot so opisani zgoraj, je prednostna naloga vladnih agencij na vseh ravneh, od zvezne do lokalnih oblasti. Because food safety is important to all levels of government, laws and regulations are often complex and overlapping. Ker je varnost živil je pomembno, da se vseh ravneh vlade, zakoni in predpisi so pogosto zapleteni in se prekrivajo. At the federal level, the regulation of food safety is a large operation shared by four major agencies: The Food and Drug Administration (FDA),... Na zvezni ravni, ureditev varnosti hrane je velika operacija delijo štirih največjih agencij: Food and Drug Administration (FDA), ... Regulatory agencies are required by law or administrative rules to report the number of food inspections they have conducted and the results of those inspections. Regulativne agencije so z zakonom ali drugimi predpisi, da poročajo o številu živilskih pregledov, ki so jih izvaja in rezultatih teh pregledov. The FSIS, for example, issues an annual report on its activities to Congress, while the FDA issues irregular reports on its inspections of fruits and vegetables, milk and egg products, and seafood. FSIS, na primer, vprašanja, letno poročilo o svojih dejavnostih na kongresu, medtem ko so FDA vprašanja nepravilna poročila o svojih inšpekcijskih pregledov sadja in zelenjave, mleka in jajc izdelkov, in morskih sadežev. In its 2000 report, the most recent available, the FSIS reported... Leta 2000 v svojem poročilu, najnovejša voljo, FSIS poročali ... One of the most serious problems facing government officials involved with protecting the safety of Americans' foods is the dramatic increase in the amount of food products imported from countries around the world. Ena izmed najbolj resnih težav, s katerimi se sooča vladne uradnike, ki sodelujejo pri zaščiti varnost živil Američane 'je drastično povečanje v višini živilskih proizvodov, uvoženih iz držav po vsem svetu. As numerous studies have shown, federal and state agencies have done a remarkable job of ensuring the safety of domestically grown food, no mater the type of food, its origin, or its manner of preparation. Ker so številne študije pokazale, so zvezni in državni organi naredili izjemno delo zagotavljanje varnosti doma pridelani hrani, ne mater vrsto hrane, njegov izvor, ali o načinu priprave. But as... Ampak kot ... For nearly a century, some scientists have been suggesting that an effective way of killing the pathogens that cause food-borne illnesses is with radiation. Za skoraj stoletje, nekateri znanstveniki so kar pomeni, da učinkovit način ubije povzročitelje bolezni, ki povzročajo alimentarnih bolezni, je s sevanjem. The history of irradiated food dates to 1895, when the German physicist Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen (1845-1923) discovered the existence of X-rays, a high-energy form of electromagnetic radiation with great penetrating power. Zgodovina obsevanih živil sega do leta 1895, ko je nemški fizik Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen (1845-1923) odkril, da obstaja rentgenskimi žarki, z visoko energetsko obliko elektromagnetnega sevanja z veliko vdorom moči. Less than a year later, a colleague of... Manj kot leto kasneje, kolega ... The chemical and bacteriological principles of food preservation; diseases of the banana plant; chemistry of the roasting and preparation of coffee; studies of the irradiation of foods for the purpose of preservation; bacteriology of water supplies; preparation of dehydrated and quick-frozen foods; the history of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology—these are among the topics to which Samuel Cate Prescott turned his... Načela, kemične in bakteriološke konzerviranja hrane, obolenja banan rastlin, kemija od praženja in pripravo kave, študije za obsevanje živil z namenom ohranitve; bakteriologije vodnih zalog, priprava dehidrirane in hitro zamrznjenih živil; zgodovina Massachusetts Institute of Technology-ti so med temami, ki Samuel Cate Prescott obrnil ... All methods of food irradiation operate on a common chemical principle: Destruction ofcertain critical molecules in an organism, such as enzyme < WORLDWIDE APPROVED USES OF IRRADIATED FOODS V COUNTRY FOOD PRODUCT(S) Argentina spices, spinach, cocoa powder Bangladesh potatoes, onions, dried fish, pulses, frozen seafood, frog legs Belgium spices, dehydrated vegetables, deep-frozen... Vsi načini obsevanja živil delujejo na skupnem načelu kemični: uničevanje ofcertain ključne molekule v organizmu, na primer encim <WORLDWIDE ODOBRENE UPORABE obsevanega DRŽAVA Foods proti živilskega proizvoda (S) Argentina začimb, špinači, kakava v prahu Bangladeš krompir, čebulo, sušen ribe, stročnice, zamrznjeni morski sadeži, žabji kraki Belgija začimbe, dehidrirana zelenjava, globoko zamrznjena ... The practice of irradiating foods has aroused significant debate between proponents and skeptics. Praksa obsevanjem živil, je vzbudila veliko razpravo med zagovorniki in skeptiki. The subjects of debate relate to the actual effect of radiation on pathogens, the chemical changes that irradiation produces in food, the environmental effects of irradiation practices, and the nutritional value of irradiated foods. Predmet razprave nanašajo na dejansko vpliva sevanja na povzročitelje bolezni in kemične spremembe, ki proizvaja sevanja v hrani, okoljskih učinkov obsevanja praks, ter hranilno vrednostjo obsevanih živil. Proponents of food irradiation point out that radiation is an extremely effective means of... Zagovorniki hrane obsevanje spomnim, da sevanje je zelo učinkovito sredstvo za ... The debate over irradiated foods has thus far involved relatively small numbers of people, primarily those with a vested interest in the use of radiation technologies and consumer groups with strong feelings about food irradiation. Razprava obsevanih živil, je doslej vključenih relativno majhno število ljudi, predvsem tiste, ki imajo očiten interes v zvezi z uporabo sevanja tehnologij in potrošniške skupine, z močnimi čustvi o obsevanju živil. Public opinion polls tend to show that less than half of the general public is informed about the subject. Javnomnenjske raziskave kažejo, da je manj kot polovica javnost obveščena o tej temi. But if food irradiation is to be adopted in the United States and other nations, the... Ampak, če hrana obsevanje je treba sprejeti v Združenih državah Amerike in drugih narodov, ... 
Introduction Predstavitev 
The History Of Food Modification Pretekle spremembe hrane 
Food Additives Aditivi za živila 
Synthetic Foods Sintetična Živila 
