Food is essential to human survival. Ikel huwa essenzjali għas-sopravivenza tal-bniedem. It provides the proteins, carbohydrates, fat, fiber, vitamins, and minerals needed to stay alive, grow, and stay healthy. Huwa jipprovdi l-proteini, karboidrati, xaħam, fibra, vitamini, u minerali meħtieġa li jibqgħu ħajjin, jikbru, u jibqgħu b'saħħithom. Food also serves other social and religious functions. Ikel jservi wkoll funzjonijiet oħra soċjali u reliġjużi. Seder meals, birthday dinners, awards banquets, wake buffets, and other food-related functions bring people together for a host of cultural purposes. Ikliet Seder, ikliet, ikliet birthday premjijiet, buffets riattivazzjoni, u oħrajn relatati mal-ikel funzjonijiet tressaq flimkien nies għal għadd ta 'għanijiet kulturali. In some fundamental ways, the role of food in human society... F'xi metodi fundamentali, ir-rwol ta 'ikel fis-soċjetà umana ... Questions about the value and safety of different categories of food are especially difficult to answer because people have been modifying foods almost since the dawn of civilization. Mistoqsijiet dwar il-valur u s-sigurtà ta 'kategoriji differenti ta' ikel huma partikolarment diffiċli li twieġeb għaliex in-nies kienu timmodifika ikel kważi mill-bidunett taċ-ċiviltà. In fact, without certain types of food modification, the human species might never have survived on Earth. Fil-fatt, mingħajr ċerti tipi ta 'modifika tal-ikel, l-ispeċi umana qatt ma jista baqgħu ħajjin fid-Dinja. By far the most common and oldest type of food modification used by humans is food preservation. Sa fejn l-aktar tip komuni u l-eqdem ta 'modifika ikel użat mill-bnedmin huwa preservazzjoni ikel. Imagine, for instance, a community... Immaġina, per eżempju, komunità ... Various additives help preserve food, but humans have been adding chemicals to foods for many centuries for reasons other than preservation. Addittivi varji jgħinu jippreservaw l-ikel, imma l-bnedmin ġew żżid kimiċi għall-ikel għal ħafna sekli għal raġunijiet oħra għajr preservazzjoni. Spices have long been used as food additives not only because they may retard the rate of decay but also because they improve the flavor of food that is bland or that has, in fact, already begun to spoil. Ħwawar ilhom jintużaw bħala addittivi fl-ikel mhux biss minħabba li dawn jistgħu retard-rata ta 'tħassir, iżda wkoll għaliex itejbu l-togħma ta' ikel li hija bland jew li, fil-fatt, diġà bdiet spoil. Additives have also been used to enhance the color of food, reflecting the common... Addittivi ġew ukoll użati biex itejbu l-kulur tal-ikel, li jirrifletti l-komuni ... People expressed concern about the adulteration of foods rather early in American history. Nies esprima tħassib dwar l-adulterazzjoni ta 'ikel pjuttost kmieni fl-istorja Amerikana. For example, in 1641, the General Court of Massachusetts passed a law specifying the size and cost of a loaf of bread. Per eżempju, fl-1641, il-Qorti Ġenerali ta 'Massachusetts għadda liġi li tispeċifika d-daqs u l-ispiża ta' ħobża. Any baker who violated the provisions of the act was required to destroy his or her complete stock of bread. Kull furnar li jiksru d-dispożizzjonijiet tal-att kien meħtieġ biex jeqred tiegħu jew tagħha istokk totali ta 'ħobż. Similar provisions were made to ensure that butter was not being adulterated by dairy workers. Dispożizzjonijiet simili saru biex jiġi żgurat li l-butir ma kienx qed adulterat mill-ħaddiema tal-ħalib. As in... Kif pulzieri .. Convincing legislators to pass the nation's first food and drug laws required extraordinary efforts from many concerned and informed individuals. Leġiżlaturi konvinċenti biex jgħaddi ewwel ikel tal-pajjiż u l-liġijiet tad-droga meħtieġa sforzi straordinarji minn ħafna individwi kkonċernati u infurmat. Near the top of that list was Dr. Harvey W. Wiley, Chief Chemist of the US Department of Agriculture from 1882 to 1907 and the first Chief Administrator of the Food and Drug Administration from 1907 until 1912. Qrib il-quċċata ta 'dik il-lista kienet Dr Harvey W. Wiley, Chemist Kap tad-Dipartiment tal-Agrikoltura 1882-1907 u l-Amministratur ewwel Kap ta' l-Food and Drug Administration minn 1907 sa 1912. Wiley was born in a log farmhouse near Kent, Indiana, in 1844. Wiley twieled razzett log qrib Kent, Indiana, fl-1844. He... Huwa ... One of the greatest developments in food modification technology during the 20th century was the synthesis of vitamins, which could then be added to foods. Wieħed mill-iżviluppi akbar fit-teknoloġija modifika ikel matul il-seklu 20 kien il-sintesi ta 'vitamini, li jkunu jistgħu jiġu miżjuda ma' ikel. A major figure in this work was the Swiss chemist Paul Karrer. A figura ewlenija f'din il-ħidma kien il-kimiku Svizzera Paul Karrer. Karrer was born in Moscow on April 21, 1889, of Swiss parents living in Russia at the time. Karrer twieled f'Moska dwar April 21, 1889, ta 'ġenituri Svizzera li jgħixu fir-Russja fil-ħin. He attended the University of Zurich, from which he obtained a Ph.D. Huwa attenda l-Università ta 'Zurich, li minnu huwa kiseb Ph.D. in 1911. fl-1911. After a brief period spent at the... Wara perijodu qasir mgħoddi fuq il-... The problem was that chemists knew almost nothing about the existence or chemical structure of vitamins. Il-problema kienet li kien jaf kimiċi kważi xejn dwar l-istruttura eżistenza jew kimika ta 'vitamini. Then, in a flurry of activity, that problem yielded to the efforts of a handful of researchers, including Karrer, from a variety of countries. Imbagħad, fil flurry ta 'attività, din il-problema renda l-isforzi ta' numru żgħir ta 'riċerkaturi, inkluż Karrer, minn varjetà ta' pajjiżi. Once these structures were known, chemists were able to begin the process of finding ways to synthesize them so that they could be mass produced as food additives. Ladarba dawn l-istrutturi kienu magħrufa, kimiċi kienu kapaċi jibdew il-proċess ta 'tfittxija modi biex sintetizzati sabiex ikunu jistgħu jiġu prodotta bil-massa bħala addittivi. In 1931, Karrer... Fl-1931, Karrer ... 
Introduction Introduzzjoni 
The History Of Food Modification L-Istorja Ta Modifika Ikel 
Food Additives Addittivi 
Synthetic Foods Ikel sintetiċi 
