Of all the many accomplishments of food chemists in recent decades, perhaps the most remarkable is the development of synthetic foods. Ta 'l-kisbiet ħafna kimiċi ikel fil-deċennji riċenti, forsi l-aktar notevoli huwa l-iżvilupp ta' ikel sintetiċi. The term synthetic food refers to a food not found in nature. L-ikel sintetiċi terminu jirreferi għal ikel mhux jinstabux fin-natura. Non-dairy creamer, mentioned in chapter 1, is often cited as a classic example of a synthetic food. Mhux tal-ħalib creamer, imsemmija fil-Kapitolu 1, huwa ta 'spiss ikkwotati bħala eżempju klassiku ta' l-ikel sintetiċi. It does not exist anywhere in the natural world and was invented by food chemists to replace a natural product, natural cream. Ma jeżistu kullimkien fid-dinja naturali u ġie ivvintat mill kimiċi ikel biex jieħu post prodott naturali, krema naturali. Any... Kull ... Carbonated soft drinks made primarily of water containing dissolved carbon dioxide, artificial coloring, artificial flavoring, and other ingredients go by many different names in different parts of the country: pop, soda, soda pop, and tonic. Soft drinks karbonati magħmula prinċipalment minn ilma li fih maħlul dijossidu tal-karbonju, sustanzi koloranti artifiċjali, ħwawar artifiċjali, u ingredjenti oħra jmorru bil ismijiet differenti ħafna fil-partijiet differenti tal-pajjiż: pop, soda, pop soda, u toniku. These drinks are also widely known as soft drinks, although that term is generally used for noncarbonated drinks also. Dan ix-xorb huma wkoll magħrufa bħala soft drinks, għalkemm it-terminu huwa ġeneralment użat għall xorb noncarbonated wkoll. Soda pop may well be one of the world's first totally artificial... Pop soda tista 'ukoll tkun wieħed mill-dinja l-ewwel totalment artifiċjali ... In recent years, some people have criticized soda pop on nutritional grounds. Fi snin reċenti, xi nies kkritikaw pop soda għal raġunijiet nutrittivi. They argue that it scarcely deserves to be called a food since it typically contains few, if any, nutrients. Huma jargumentaw li bilkemm jistħoqqilha li tkun tissejjaħ ikel peress li tipikament fiha ftit, jekk xejn, nutrijenti. As noted earlier, soda pop consists of water, dissolved carbon dioxide, artificial flavoring, artificial coloring, and other ingredients. Kif innutat qabel, pop soda tikkonsisti ilma, jinħall dijossidu tal-karbonju, togħma artifiċjali, sustanzi koloranti artifiċjali, u ingredjenti oħra. Chief among these other ingredients is sugar or sugar substitutes. Ewlieni fost dawn l-ingredjenti l-oħra huwa sostituti taz-zokkor jew zokkor. Perhaps ironically, it is sugar and... Forsi ironikament, huwa zokkor u ... Sweeteners can be classified into two general groups: caloric (or nutritive) and noncaloric (or non-nutritive) products. Ħlewwiet jistgħux jiġu kklassifikati f'żewġ gruppi ġenerali: kaloriji (jew nutrittivi) u noncaloric (jew mhux nutrittivi) prodotti. Caloric sweeteners are natural products, such as sucrose, fructose, glu- ~ 75 1Л ТЭ С 3 о о. Ħlewwiet kaloriji huma prodotti naturali, bħal sukrows, fructose, il glukożju-~ 75 1Л ТЭ С 3 о о. с 25 ГС 3 О 50 100 — \ * ■у — — Sugar ■ - Corn s\ — High-f weeteners ■uctose со rn syrup 1970 1975 ... с 25 ГС 3 О 50 100 - \ * ■ у - Zokkor ■ - i Corn \ - High-f weeteners ■ uctose со ġulepp Rn 1970 1975 ... Some people regard artificial sweeteners as the way to avoid the health problems associated with caloric sweeteners such as sugar and HFCS. Xi nies li kkunsidra ħlewwiet artifiċjali bħala l-mod biex tevita l-problemi tas-saħħa assoċjati ma 'ħlewwiet kaloriji bħaz-zokkor u HFCs. These synthetic foods add no calories or virtually no calories to a person's diet. Dawn l-ikel sintetiċi jżidu l-ebda kaloriji jew prattikament l-ebda kaloriji li dieta ta 'persuna. As of late 2004, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) had approved five artificial sweeteners for use in the United States. Mill-2004 tard, il-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) kienet approvat ħames ħlewwiet artifiċjali għall-użu fl-Istati Uniti. They are saccharin, aspartame, sucralose, ace-sulfame potassium,... Huma sakkarina, aspartame, sucralose, ass-sulfame potassju, ... ra Remsen's name is familiar to any historian of American science today. isem ra Remsen huwa familjari għal kull istoriku tax-xjenza Amerikana llum. He is best remembered for two accomplishments: the first was the discovery in 1879 of o-benzoyl sulfimide, the compound now known as saccharin, and his contributions to the development of professional education in science in the United States. Huwa mfakkar aħjar għal żewġ kisbiet: l-ewwel kien l-iskoperta fl-1879 ta 'o-Benzoyl sulfimide, il-kompost issa magħrufa bħala sakkarina, u kontribuzzjonijiet tiegħu għall-iżvilupp ta' edukazzjoni professjonali fix-xjenza fl-Istati Uniti. Ira Remsen was born in New York City on February 10, 1846, of Dutch and Huguenot ancestry. Ira Remsen twieled fi New York City fuq 10 Frar, 1846, ta 'antenati Olandiż u Huguenot. At his parents'... Fl-ġenituri tiegħu "... Serendipity, the act of making a useful discovery of something for which one is not actually searching, seems to be an inherent part of the discovery of nearly all artificial sweeteners. Serendipity, l-att ta 'teħid ta iskoperta utli ta' xi ħaġa li wieħed ma jkunx attwalment tiftix, jidher li jkun parti inerenti tal-iskoperta ta 'kważi kollha ħlewwiet artifiċjali. Like Remsen and Fahlberg's discovery of saccharin, the discovery of aspartame was accidental. Bħal iskoperta Remsen u Fahlberg tal sakkarina, l-iskoperta ta 'aspartame kien aċċidentali. James Schlatter, a chemist at the GD Searle pharmaceutical company, was involved in research on new drugs that might be used to treat ulcers.... James Schlatter, spiżerija fil-kumpanija GD Searle farmaċewtika, kien involut fir-riċerka fuq mediċina ġdida li jistgħu jintużaw biex jittrattaw ulċeri .... A third artificial sweetener, acesulfame was discovered accidentally in a manner similar to that as saccharin and aspartame: In 1967 Karl Claus, an employee of the large manufacturing company Hoechst AG, accidentally dipped his fingers into a chemical with which he was working in the laboratory. A ħlewwa artifiċjali terz, acesulfame ġiet skoperta aċċidentalment b'mod simili għal dak kif sakkarina u aspartame: Fl-1967 Karl Claus, impjegat tal-manifattura AG kbar Hoechst kumpannija, aċċidentalment dipped swaba tiegħu fis-kimika li kien qiegħed jaħdem fil-laboratorju . When he later licked his finger to pick up a piece of paper, he noted the very sweet taste of the chemical. Meta huwa tard licked subgħajh li jtellgħu biċċa karta, huwa nnota l-togħma ħelwa ħafna tal-kimika. This compound was later... Dan il-kompost kienet aktar tard ... As already noted, the FDA has approved five non-nutritive sweeteners just discussed: saccharin, aspartame, acesulfame-K, sucralose, and neotame. Kif diġà ġie osservat, l-AID approvat ħames mhux nutrittivi ħlewwa biss li ġew diskussi: sakkarina, aspartame, acesulfame-K, sucralose u neotame. Others, however, have been developed and are under consideration by the FDA, the two most important of which are cy-clamates and alitame. Oħrajn, madankollu, ġew żviluppati u huma taħt konsiderazzjoni mill-AID, il-aktar tnejn importanti minnhom huma cy-clamates u alitame. The discovery of the cyclamates yields yet another fantastic story in the history of artificial sweeteners. L-iskoperta ta 'l-cyclamates rendimenti énième meraviljuż istorja fl-istorja tal-ħlewwiet artifiċjali. In 1937 Michael Sveda, then a... Fl-1937 Michael Sveda, imbagħad ... No single corporation has ever done greater damage to the planet than Monsanto. Ebda korporazzjoni waħda qatt sar ħsara akbar lill-pjaneta minn Monsanto. —Rachel's Environment & Health Weekly, Issue #504, July 25, 1996. Ambjent Rachel & Weekly Saħħa, Ħarġa # 504, 25 Lulju, 1996. Life is not always easy for the world's chemical manufacturers these days. Life mhix dejjem faċli għall-manifatturi kimika fid-dinja f'dawn il-jiem. Companies such as Monsanto, DuPont, Merck, Aventis, Merck, and Union Carbide are being blamed for a host of environmental problems and health problems among humans and other animals. Kumpaniji bħal Monsanto, DuPont, Merck, Aventis, Merck u Union Carbide qed ħtija għal għadd ta 'problemi ambjentali u l-problemi tas-saħħa fost bnedmin u annimali oħra. Chemicals produced... Kimiċi prodotta ... The problems of sugar consumption notwithstanding, many nutrition experts believe that the most important health problems in the United States today stem from Americans' high intake of fats. Il-problemi ta 'konsum taz-zokkor minkejja, esperti tan-nutrizzjoni ħafna jemmnu li l-problemi tas-saħħa l-aktar importanti fl-Istati Uniti llum joħorġu minn b'konsum għoli Amerikani "ta' xaħmijiet. Many Americans consume 40 percent or more of their daily dietary calories in the form of fats. Ħafna Amerikani jikkonsmaw 40 fil-mija jew aktar ta 'kaloriji dieta tagħhom ta' kuljum fil-forma ta 'xaħmijiet. The FDA, the American Heart Association, and other health agencies, however, recommend diets containing no more than about 30 percent of... L-AID, il-American Heart Association, u aġenziji oħra tas-saħħa, madankollu, jirrakkomanda dieti li fihom mhux aktar minn madwar 30 fil-mija ta '... But who will watch the watchers? Imma li se tara l-Watchers? —Juvenal (ca. 70-138 ce) In a democratic society like that of the United States, one function of the government is to protect its citizens from possible risks posed by large corporations. -Juvenal (madwar 70-138 ce) F'soċjetà demokratika bħal dik ta 'l-Istati Uniti, wieħed funzjoni tal-gvern huwa li tipproteġi ċ-ċittadini tagħha minn riskji possibbli maħluqa minn korporazzjonijiet kbar. For example, the Food and Drug Administration is charged with the responsibility of watching over the foods, drugs, cosmetics, and other chemicals that are made available to Americans in the marketplace.... Per eżempju, il Food and Drug Administration huwa nkarigat bl-responsabbiltà ta jaraw fuq l-ikel, drogi, kożmetiċi, u kimiċi oħra li huma disponibbli lill-Amerikani fis-suq .... 
Introduction Introduzzjoni 
The History Of Food Modification L-Istorja Ta Modifika Ikel 
Food Additives Addittivi 
Synthetic Foods Ikel sintetiċi 
