Of all the many accomplishments of food chemists in recent decades, perhaps the most remarkable is the development of synthetic foods. Od svih mnogim postignućima prehrambenih kemičara u posljednjih nekoliko desetljeća, a možda najviše pažnje je razvoj sintetičkih namirnica. The term synthetic food refers to a food not found in nature. Sintetička hrana pojam se odnosi na hranu nije pronađena u prirodi. Non-dairy creamer, mentioned in chapter 1, is often cited as a classic example of a synthetic food. Ne-mliječni vrhnja, koja se spominje u poglavlju 1., često se navodi kao klasičan primjer umjetne hrane. It does not exist anywhere in the natural world and was invented by food chemists to replace a natural product, natural cream. To ne postoji nigdje u svijetu prirode te je izumio prehrambenih kemičara zamijeniti prirodni proizvod, prirodna krema. Any... Bilo ... Carbonated soft drinks made primarily of water containing dissolved carbon dioxide, artificial coloring, artificial flavoring, and other ingredients go by many different names in different parts of the country: pop, soda, soda pop, and tonic. Gazirana bezalkoholna pića izrađene pretežno od vode koja sadrži otopljeni ugljični dioksid, umjetnih boja, umjetne aromama i druge sastojke idu po mnogim različitim imenima u različitim dijelovima zemlje: pop, soda bikarbona, soda pop i tonik. These drinks are also widely known as soft drinks, although that term is generally used for noncarbonated drinks also. Ovi napitci su također nadaleko poznat kao bezalkoholnih pića, iako je taj pojam obično se koristi za noncarbonated pića. Soda pop may well be one of the world's first totally artificial... Soda pop i može biti jedan od prvi svjetski potpuno umjetno ... In recent years, some people have criticized soda pop on nutritional grounds. U posljednjih nekoliko godina, neki ljudi su kritizirali soda pop na prehrambene osnovi. They argue that it scarcely deserves to be called a food since it typically contains few, if any, nutrients. Oni tvrde da jedva zaslužuje da se naziva hrane jer obično sadrži nekoliko, ako ih ima, hranjive tvari. As noted earlier, soda pop consists of water, dissolved carbon dioxide, artificial flavoring, artificial coloring, and other ingredients. Kao što je navedeno ranije, soda pop sastoji od vode, otopljeni ugljični dioksid, umjetne aromama, umjetnih boja i ostalih sastojaka. Chief among these other ingredients is sugar or sugar substitutes. Glavna među tih drugih sastojaka šećera ili šećera zamjena. Perhaps ironically, it is sugar and... Možda ironično, to je šećer i ... Sweeteners can be classified into two general groups: caloric (or nutritive) and noncaloric (or non-nutritive) products. Zaslađivači se mogu klasificirati u dvije opće skupine: kalorija (ili nutritivna) i noncaloric (ili ne-nutritivna) proizvoda. Caloric sweeteners are natural products, such as sucrose, fructose, glu- ~ 75 1Л ТЭ С 3 о о. Kalorija sladila su prirodni proizvodi, kao što su saharoza, fruktoza i Glu-~ 75 1Л ТЭ С 3 о о. с 25 ГС 3 О 50 100 — \ * ■у — — Sugar ■ - Corn s\ — High-f weeteners ■uctose со rn syrup 1970 1975 ... с 25 ГС 3 О 50 100 - \ * ■ у - Šećer ■ - Kukuruz s \ - visoko-f weeteners ■ uctose со rn sirup 1970 1975 ... Some people regard artificial sweeteners as the way to avoid the health problems associated with caloric sweeteners such as sugar and HFCS. Neki ljudi smatraju da umjetna sladila kao način da se izbjegne zdravstvene probleme vezane uz kalorijskih sladila, kao što su šećer i HFC-a. These synthetic foods add no calories or virtually no calories to a person's diet. Ti sintetski hrana dodali nema kalorija ili gotovo bez kalorija za osobe prehrani. As of late 2004, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) had approved five artificial sweeteners for use in the United States. Do kraja 2004, US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) je odobrila pet umjetna sladila za uporabu u Sjedinjenim Američkim Državama. They are saccharin, aspartame, sucralose, ace-sulfame potassium,... Oni su saharin, aspartam, sucralose, ACE-sulfame kalij, ... ra Remsen's name is familiar to any historian of American science today. ra Remsen ime je poznato da bilo koji povjesničar američkog znanosti danas. He is best remembered for two accomplishments: the first was the discovery in 1879 of o-benzoyl sulfimide, the compound now known as saccharin, and his contributions to the development of professional education in science in the United States. On je najbolje sjeti za dva postignuća: prva je otkriće u 1879 od O-benzoil sulfimide, spoj sada poznat kao saharin, a njegov doprinos u razvoju strukovnog obrazovanja u znanosti u SAD-u. Ira Remsen was born in New York City on February 10, 1846, of Dutch and Huguenot ancestry. Ira Remsen rođen je u New Yorku 10. veljače 1846, od nizozemskog i hugenot podrijetla. At his parents'... Na svojim roditeljima '... Serendipity, the act of making a useful discovery of something for which one is not actually searching, seems to be an inherent part of the discovery of nearly all artificial sweeteners. Serendipity, čin donošenja korisne otkriće nečega za koje nitko ne zapravo tražili, čini se da je sastavni dio otkrića gotovo svih umjetnih sladila. Like Remsen and Fahlberg's discovery of saccharin, the discovery of aspartame was accidental. Kao Remsen i Fahlberg otkrića saharin, aspartam je otkriće slučajno. James Schlatter, a chemist at the GD Searle pharmaceutical company, was involved in research on new drugs that might be used to treat ulcers.... James schlatter, kemičar GD Searle na farmaceutske tvrtke, je sudjelovao u istraživanju novih lijekova koji bi se mogao koristiti za liječenje čireva .... A third artificial sweetener, acesulfame was discovered accidentally in a manner similar to that as saccharin and aspartame: In 1967 Karl Claus, an employee of the large manufacturing company Hoechst AG, accidentally dipped his fingers into a chemical with which he was working in the laboratory. Treći umjetno sladilo, acesulfame je otkrivena slučajno na način sličan onome kao saharin i aspartam: Godine 1967 Karl Mraz, zaposlenik velike proizvodne tvrtke Hoechst AG, slučajno umočen svoje prste u kemikalije s kojima je radio u laboratoriju . When he later licked his finger to pick up a piece of paper, he noted the very sweet taste of the chemical. Kada je kasnije lizali prstom pokupiti komad papira, istaknuo je vrlo slatkog okusa te kemikalije. This compound was later... Taj spoj je kasnije ... As already noted, the FDA has approved five non-nutritive sweeteners just discussed: saccharin, aspartame, acesulfame-K, sucralose, and neotame. Kao što je već spomenuto, FDA je odobrila pet ne-nutritivna sladila samo diskusije: saharin, aspartam, acesulfame-K, sucralose, a neotame. Others, however, have been developed and are under consideration by the FDA, the two most important of which are cy-clamates and alitame. Drugi, međutim, razvijeni su i pod razmatranje od strane FDA, dva najvažnija od kojih su CY-clamates i alitame. The discovery of the cyclamates yields yet another fantastic story in the history of artificial sweeteners. Otkriće ciklamata donosi još jednu fantastičnu priču u povijesti umjetnih sladila. In 1937 Michael Sveda, then a... Godine 1937 Michael Sveda, a zatim ... No single corporation has ever done greater damage to the planet than Monsanto. Niti jedna korporacija nikada nije učinio veću štetu na planetu od Monsanta. —Rachel's Environment & Health Weekly, Issue #504, July 25, 1996. -Rahelinom Okoliš i zdravlje Weekly, Issue # 504, 25. srpanj 1996. Life is not always easy for the world's chemical manufacturers these days. Život nije uvijek lako svjetskih proizvođača kemijskih ovih dana. Companies such as Monsanto, DuPont, Merck, Aventis, Merck, and Union Carbide are being blamed for a host of environmental problems and health problems among humans and other animals. Tvrtke kao što su Monsanto, DuPont, Merck, Aventis, Merck, i Union Carbide se okrivljuje za niz ekoloških problema i zdravstvenih problema među ljudima i drugim životinjama. Chemicals produced... Kemikalije koje proizvode ... The problems of sugar consumption notwithstanding, many nutrition experts believe that the most important health problems in the United States today stem from Americans' high intake of fats. Problemi bez obzira na potrošnju šećera, mnogi nutricionisti smatraju da su najvažniji zdravstveni problemi u SAD-u danas proizlaze iz Amerike i velike unos masti. Many Americans consume 40 percent or more of their daily dietary calories in the form of fats. Mnogi Amerikanci troše 40 posto ili više svojih prehrambenih dnevnih kalorija u obliku masti. The FDA, the American Heart Association, and other health agencies, however, recommend diets containing no more than about 30 percent of... FDA, American Heart Association, i druge zdravstvene ustanove, međutim, preporučujemo prehranu koji sadrže više od 30 posto ... But who will watch the watchers? Ali tko će gledati promatračima? —Juvenal (ca. 70-138 ce) In a democratic society like that of the United States, one function of the government is to protect its citizens from possible risks posed by large corporations. -Juvenal (ca. 70-138 CE) U demokratskom društvu kao što je to u Sjedinjenim Državama, jedna funkcija vlade je da zaštiti svoje građane od mogućih opasnosti koje predstavljaju velike korporacije. For example, the Food and Drug Administration is charged with the responsibility of watching over the foods, drugs, cosmetics, and other chemicals that are made available to Americans in the marketplace.... Na primjer, Food and Drug Administration se tereti za odgovornost gleda preko hrane, lijekova, kozmetike i drugih kemikalija koje su na raspolaganju Amerikanaca na tržištu .... 
Introduction Uvođenje 
The History Of Food Modification Povijest hrane izmjeni 
Food Additives Prehrambeni aditivi 
Synthetic Foods Sintetička hrana 
